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Abstract:

Introduction: for assessment of the significance of coronary artery stenosis, it is necessary to determine the minimum area of the residual square of the vessel lumen (VLRS) that can provide adequate blood flow to myocardial needs. This value is called «threshold» or «borderline». Numerous studies on this issue using modern intravascular and isotope techniques, randomized clinical trials have shown that the values of the «borderline» value of VLRS for proximal coronary arteries are within 3-4 mml. According to the literature, the angiographic method for assessing the severity of stenosis is not sufficiently informative and unreliable. In this article, a combination of coronary angiography with use of balloon catheter is proposed, that allows to eliminate disadvantages of the angiographic method in solving the task is shown.

Aim: was to investigate possibilities of the method of determining the VLRS of coronary artery (CA) in the stenosis region and to assess its hemodynamic significance based on coronary angiography (CG) using a balloon catheter

Materials and methods: the essence of the proposed approach is the obstruction of the artery at the site of stenosis with a balloon catheter with a known cross-sectional area; the VLRS value in this case is equal to or smaller than the area of the balloon catheter. In case of obstruction of the artery by balloon catheter with a transverse area up to 4 mm2, stenosis was considered to be hemodynamically significant and revascularization was recommended; with preserved intensive blood flow, stenosis is considered hemodynamically insignificant.

Results: angiogram evaluation was performed in 120 patients with IHD with «intermediate» stenoses of proximal coronary arteries (from 40 to 70%) using the described technique. In 84% of cases, VLRS was estimated at 3,14 mm2 or less; in 8% of the VLRL was 3,86 mm2 or less. In such areas of coronary arteries, stenosis was considered hemodynamically significant. These patients underwent revascularization of the myocardium - balloon angioplasty and stenting of the coronary artery In 8% of cases, VLRS was more than 4 mm2, coronary stenosis in such cases was recognized as hemodynamically insignificant, and endovascular treatment was not performed in these patients.

Conclusion: the proposed approach for assessment of the area of the residual square of coronary artery lumen at the site of constriction provides an opportunity for an optimal choice of treatment tactics. 

 

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