Abstract:

Aim: was to assess the accuracy of the diagnosis of malformations of the fetus at early stages of pregnancy

Materials and methods: 26,404 pregnant women who came to the Republican Center for Screening Mothers and Children on a routine basis in terms of 11 to 20 weeks of pregnancy were examined. Among them, 25,956(98,3%) women were pregnant with a physiological course of pregnancy, 269(1,0%) pregnant women with fetal malformations and 179(0,7%) with pathological pregnancy

Prenatal diagnostics included ultrasound, biochemical, invasive and cytogenetic research methods. Initially, a primary ultrasound study of pregnant women was conducted, with the purpose of measuring fetometric, biometric and dopplerometric parameters. In case of deviation of above mentioned parameters from the norm, a second stage-biochemical screening was carried out. When biochemical parameters changed from normative values, the third stage was carried out - invasive and cytogenetic diagnostics.

Results: based on results of studies, all women were divided into 3 groups. The first group included women with a physiological course of pregnancy - 25,956(98,3%). In the second group of patients (n=269) with single fetal malformations, there were 230(85,5%), with multiple - 39 (14,5%). In the third group of women (n=179), in most cases, a non-developing pregnancy was registered - 99(55,31%), females with uterine fetal death were 69(38,5%), with bladder drift - 11 (6,2%).

Conclusions: every pregnant woman should be examined individually, regardless of age. When carrying out prenatal diagnosis of malformations of the fetus, doctors should use a single algorithm for performing an ultrasound examination. Practitioners should not rely on the age of the pregnant woman; regardless of the age of the pregnant woman, to conduct a more detailed examination for fetal malformations, both 35 years of age and older and younger than 35 years. In order to avoid undeveloped pregnancy, and intrauterine fetal death, as well as early detection of fetal malformations, there is a need for screening in the first trimester of pregnancy Inclusion of the first trimester in the screening program in a timely manner will create risk groups for the birth of children with malformations of the fetus, timely resolve the issue of further introduction of pregnancy, thereby reducing obstetric complications, and also reduce maternal and infant mortality.

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