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Abstract

Heart transplantation (HTx) leads to a marked increase in the duration and quality of life of patients with terminal chronic heart failure. However, in the long-term period, recipients are faced with the problem of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), which significantly limits the survival of the heart transplant.

Aim: was to assess main approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac allograft vasculopathy, basing on analysis of literature data on the diagnostic value of invasive methods for assessing the condition of the coronary flow in CAV.

Materials and methods: 43 scientific sources of leading domestic and foreign journals were analyzed.

Results: the review provides data on modern imaging methods in assessing of intimal hyperplasia and neovascularization in patients with a transplanted heart. Possibilities of therapy and prevention of CAV are considered. Information on the role of myocardial revascularization by endovascular and surgical methods in treatment of CAV in various variants of coronary disease is analyzed.

Conclusion: CAV is the main cause of death of recipients in the long term after HTx. A prevention strategy should be based on early diagnosis to identify initial signs of the disease. Endovascular imaging methods are better than others to identify the development of CAV in early stages. Development of methods for the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of transplant coronary artery disease is one of main tasks of modern transplantology.

  

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