Website is intended for physicians
Search:
Всего найдено: 7

 

Abstract:

In recent years, with the growth of number of patients with multifocal atherosclerosis, revascularization of the brain and myocardium through hybrid intervention is gaining popularity. Although, in the world literature there are practically no results of significant randomized researches concerning percutaneous coronary intervention and carotid endarterectomy in hybrid mode, this technique is becoming more and more preferable and promising in comparison with other methods of treatment.

Aim: was to demonstrate results of revascularization of the brain and myocardium with staged and hybrid strategies, on the base of evaluation of advantages and disadvantages of these strategies on the example of case reports.

Materialsand methods: article presents two case reports, demonstrating different approaches to surgical treatment in patients with combined lesions of arteries of the brain and myocardium. Both patients were over 65 years age, at the time of treatment, had a history of acute cerebral circulation disorders, coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension. At the outpatient stage, they received antiplatelet, hypotensive, and hypolipidemic therapy. During further examination, both patients were found to have unilateral hemodynamically significant stenoses of internal carotid arteries and isolated stenoses of coronary arteries. In first case, patient was selected for hybrid surgical tactics in the volume of carotid endarterectomy and stenting of coronary artery, which was performed with a further favorable prognosis. In the second case, tactics was determined in favor of a staged procedure: first performing carotid endarterectomy, then stenting the affected coronary artery. However, taking into account subjective and objective factors, none of planned interventions were performed.

Results: hybrid revascularization allows to perform correction in two arterial of different regions in a short period of time using surgical and endovascular techniques. An important advantage of this method is the one-time performance, that means correction of MFA manifestations for one hospitalization, or even one anesthesia, with increasing in the availability of revascularization. In the first case report, the successful implementation of a hybrid approach in the treatment of combined vascular pathology in an elderly patient with a burdened anamnesis and significant comorbidities was demonstrated. Within one day, we managed to complete the planned volume of myocardial and brain revascularization and avoid the development of adverse events both in the early postoperative and long-term follow-up periods. The second clinical example clearly shows disadvantages of staged strategy, when the patient is at risk of developing adverse cardiovascular events while waiting for staged interventions, or for subjective reasons may refuse to be hospitalized in a clinic for performimg a particular operation, that as a result, led to negative dynamics and fatal outcome due to acute stroke.

Conclusions: thus, demonstrated case reports show significant potential and effectiveness of hybrid myocardial and brain revascularization using percutaneous coronary intervention and carotid endarteectomy in treatment of patients with combined lesions of two vascular regions. This method of treatment is especially promising in patients with burdened anamnesis and additional risk factors. It not only prevents adverse cardiovascular events in brain and myocardium, but also has greatest availability and implementation of the planned volume of treatment, completely excluding the influence of subjective factors (change of tactics, failure of patient to attend the next stage of treatment, etc.).

 

References

1.     Bajkov VYu. Combined atherosclerotic lesion of coronary and brachiocephalic arteries - choice of surgical tactics. Bulletin o f Pirogov National Medical & Surgical Center. 2013; 8 (4): 108-111 [In Russ].

2.     Shevchenko YuL, Popov LV, Batrashev VA, Bajkov VYu. Results of surgical treatment of patients with combined atherosclerotic lesions of coronary and brachiocephalic arteries. Bulletin o f Pirogov National Medical & Surgical Center. 2014; 9 (1): 14-17 [In Russ].

3.     Tarasov RS, Kazantsev AN, Ivanov SV et al. Personalized choice of the optimal revascularization strategy in patients with combined lesions of coronary and brachiocephalic arteries: results of testing an automated decision support system in clinical practice. Russian Cardiology Bulletin. 2018; 13 (1): 30-39 [In Russ].

4.     Kazanchyan PO, Sotnikov PG, Kozorin MG, Lar'kov RN. Surgical treatment of multifocal lesions in impaired blood circulation of several arterial territories. Russian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 2013; (4): 31-38 [In Russ].

5.     Zaharov PI, Tobohov AV. Tactics of surgical treatment of generalized atherosclerosis with combined hemodynamically significant defeat of coronary and carotid arteries. Yakut medical journal. 2013; 2 (42): 52-55 [In Russ].

6.     Charchyan ER, Stepanenko AB, BelovYuV, et al. One-Stage Carotid and Coronary Artery Surgeries in Treatment of Multifocal Atherosclerosis. Cardiology. 2014; 54 (9): 46-51 [In Russ].

7.     2018 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Russian Journal o f Cardiology. 2019; 24 (8): 151-226 [In Russ].

8.     ESC/ESVS Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral arterial disease 2017. Rossijskij kardiologicheskij zhurnal 2018; 23 (8), 218-221 [In Russ].

9.     Tarasov RS, Kazantsev AN, Ivanov SV, et al. Surgical treatment of multifocal atherosclerosis: coronary and brachiocephalic pathology and predictors of early adverse events development. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2017; 16 (4): 37-44 [In Russ].

10.   Tarasov RS, Ivanov SV, Kazantsev AN etal. Hospital results of different strategies of surgical treatment of patients with concomitant coronary disease and internal carotid arteries stenoses. Complex Issues o f Cardiovascular Diseases. 2016; 5 (4): 15-24 [In Russ].

11.   Shilov AA, Kochergin NA, Ganyukov VI. Hybrid myocardial revascularization in multivessel coronary disease. Current state of the issue. Interventional cardiology. 2015; (41): 22-29 [In Russ].

12.   Alekyan BG, Karapetyan NG. Hybrid surgery in treatment of coronary heart disease. Russian journal of Endovascular surgery. 2017; 4 (1): 5-17 [In Russ].

13. Khubulava GG, Kozlov KL, Sedova EV et al. Importance and role of endovascular techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of generalized atherosclerosis in patients of elderly and senile age. Clinical gerontology. 2014; 20 (5-6): 35-40 [In Russ].

14.   Tarasov RS, Kazantsev AN, Ivanov SV et al. Choosing a strategy for brain and myocardial revascularization in patients with atherosclerosis of internal carotid and coronary arteries: a place for personified medicine. Russian journal of Endovascular surgery. 2018; 5 (2): 241-249 [In Russ].

15.   Frota dos Reis PF, Linhares PV, Pitta FG, Lima EG. Approach to concurrent coronary and carotid artery disease: Epidemiology, screening and treatment. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2017; 63(11): 1012-1016.

16.   Tomai F, Pesarini G, Castriota F et al. Early and Long-Term Outcomes After Combined Percutaneous Revascularization in Patients With Carotid and Coronary Artery Stenoses. Cardiovascular interventios. 2011: 560-8.

17.   Zhang J, Dong Z, Liu P et al. Different Strategies in Simultaneous Coronary and Carotid Artery Revascularization - A Single Center Experience. Arch Iran Med. 2019; 22 (3): 132-136.

18.   Drakopoulou M, Oikonomou G, Soulaidopoulos S et al. Management of patients with concomitant coronary and carotid artery disease. Expert Review o f Cardiovascular Therapy. 2019: 1-32.

 

Abstract:

Aim: was to develop a compleх ultrasound assessment of atherosclerotic plaque instability in correlation with morphological evaluation.

Material and methods: research included 121 patients with stenosis of left/right internal carotic artery (ICA) of 50% and more (due to NASCET scale): 80 men and 41 women, mean age 56,0 years. All patients underwent standart and contrast-enhanced ultrasonic scanning (CEUS), bilateral duplex monitoring of cerebral blood flow with registration of microembolic signals (MES). All patients in period up to 3 days after hospitalization - underwent carotid endarterectomy with histological examination of atheroscleroitc plaque.

Results: analysis of relationship between ultrasound and histological characteristics showed a moderate association between the intensity of contrast agent accumulation and the degree of plaque vascularization (Cramer's V 0,529; p<<0,000;) number of lipofages (Cramer's V 0,569; p<<0,001). There were no significant differences between the degree of plaque vascularization and the degree of plaque stenosis (p<0,05). We revealed significant differences between the number of MES and the intensity of atherosclerotic plaque blood supply (<<0,001).

Discussions: intensive accumulation of contrast agent in a plaque is associated with the process of angiogenesis and inflammation, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of the plaque is promising for assessing its instability and the possible risk of developing cerebral vascular complications. Neovascularization intensity detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound is associated with the number of detected microparticles in the cerebral blood flow, and does not depend on the degree of stenosis.

Conclusions: method of comprehensive assessment using CEUS and Doppler detection of microembolic particles can be effective in stratifying the risk of possible ischemic stroke in asymptomatic patients, for optimizing indications for surgical treatment of atherosclerotic plaque, and evaluating the effectiveness of lipid-lowering and statin therapy.

  

References

1.     Liapis CD, Bell PR., Mikhailidis D., Sivenius J.et al. ESVS Guidelines Collaborators. ESVS guidelines. Invasive treatment for carotid stenosis: indications, techniques. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2009 Apr; 37(4 Suppl):1-19.

2.     Nicolaides AN, Kakkos SK, Kyriacou E, Griffin M, et al. Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification.Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) Study Group. J Vasc Surg. 2010 Dec; 52(6):1486-1496.e1-5.

3.     Guideline on the Management of Patients With Extracranial Carotid and Vertebral Artery Disease ACCF/AHA Pocket Guideline Based on the 2011ASA/ACCF/AHA/AANN/AANS/ACR/CNS/SAIP/SCAI/ SIR/SNIS/SVM/SVS. P 22-23.

4.     Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A. Inflammation and atherosclerosis.Circulation. 2002 Mar 5; 105(9):1135-43.

5.     Redgrave JN, Lovett JK, Rothwell PM. Histological features of symptomatic carotid plaques in relation to age and smoking: the oxford plaque study. Stroke. 2010; 41:2288-94.

6.     Gray-Weale AC, Graham JC, Burnett JR, Byrne K, Lusby RJ. Carotid artery atheroma: comparison of preoperative B-mode ultrasound appearance with carotid endarterectomy specimen pathology. J Cardiovasc Surg. 1988;29:676-681.

7.     Kwon HM, Sangiorgi GU, Ritman EL, et al.Enhanced coronary vasa vasorum neovascularization in experimental hypercholesterolemia. J Clin Invest 1998; 101: 15511556.

8.     Cosgrove D. Angiogenesis imaging-ultrasound. Br J Radiol 2003; 76:S43-9.

9.     Kumamoto M, Nakashima Y, Sueishi K. Intimal neovascularization in human coronary atherosclerosis: its origin and pathophysiological significance. Hum Pathol 1995; 26:450-6.

10.   Balahonova T.V., Pogorelova O.A., Tripoten' M.I., Gerasimova V.V., Safiulina A.A., Rogoza A.N. Contrast enhancement during ultrasound examination of blood vessels: atherosclerosis, nonspecific aortoarteritis. Ul'trazvukovaya i funkcional'naya diagnostika 2015; 4: 33-45. [In Russ].

11.   Coli S, Magnoni M, Sangiorgi G, Marrocco-Trischitta M. et al.Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound imaging of intraplaque neovascularisatopn in carotid arteries. J of the American College of Cardioilogy 2008; 52(3): 345-2.

12.   Vicenzini E. Giannoni MF, Puccinelli F. et al. Detection of carotid adventitial vasa vasorum and plaque vascularisation with ultrasound cadence contrast pulsr sequencing technique and echo-contrast agents. Stroke 2007; 38:2841-3.

13.   Shah F, Balah P, Weinber M, et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of atherosclerotic plaque neovascularization: a new surrogate marker of atherosclerosis? Vasc Med 2007; 12:291-7.

14.   CHechetkin AO, Druina L.D., Possibilities of contrast ultrasound in angioneurology. Annaly klinicheskoj I eksperimental'noj nevrologii 2015; 9(2): 33-40. [In Russ].

15.   Silvestre-Roig C, de Winther MP Atherosclerotic plaque destabilization: mechanisms, models, and therapeutic strategies. Weber C, Daemen MJ, Lutgens E, Soehnlein O. Circ Res. 2014 Jan 3; 114(1):214-26.

16.   Ross R. Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Am Heart J. 1999; 138:S419-20. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8703(99)70266-8.

17.   Casadei M, Floreani R, Catalini C, Serra AP, Assanti and P Concif Sonographic characteristics of carotid artery plaques: Implications for follow-up planning? J Ultrasound. 2012 Sep; 15(3): 151-157.

18.   Carmeliet P Angiogenesis in health and disease. Nat Med 2003;9;653-52.

19.   Moulton K.,Vakili K., Zurakovski D., et al. Inhibition of plaque neovascularizatopn reduces macrophage accumulation and progression of anvanced atherosclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100: 4736-41.

20.   Naghavi M, Libby P, Falk E, Casscells SW, Litovsky S, Rumberger J, et al. From vulnerable plaque to vulnerable patient: a call for new definitions and risk assessment strategies: Part II. Circulation. 2003;108:1772-8. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000087481.55887.C9.

21.   Gutstein DE, Fuster V. Pathophysiology and clinical significance of atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Cardiovasc Res. 1999; 41:323-33. doi: 10.1016/S0008-6363(98) 00322-8.

22.   Petrikov SS, Hamidova LT. About the conference «Emergency care for patients with acute cerebrovascular accident» ZHurnal im. N.V. Sklifosovskogo «Neotlozhnaya medicinskaya pomoshch'». 2015; 1:11-18. [In Russ].

23.   Krylov VV., Dash'yan VG., Lemenyov VL., Dalibaldyan VA., i dr. Surgical treatment of patients with bilateral occlusion-stenotic lesions of brachiocephalic arteries. Nejrohirurgiya.2014; 16-25. [In Russ].

24.   Novikov N.E. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound examinations. History of development and modern possibilities. Russian Electr. J. Radiol. (REJR). 2012; 2 (1): 20-28. [In Russ].

  

Abstract:

Aim: was to identify risk factors of early adverse cerebral events after carotid artery stenting anc endarterectomy

Materials and methods: 908 patients who underwent isolated carotid stenting (N = 522) and carotid endarterectomy (N = 386) were included in this retrospective analysis. Patients with simultaneous cardiac surgery and patients with symptomic stenosis of CA were excluded from research. The primary end point was ipsilateral perioperative ischemic stroke, proved by neurologist and CT/MRI data. To identify predictors, multivariate regression was used, with factors that could influence endovascular and surgical methods of treatment.

Results: patients from two groups were similar in main clinical and demographic characteristics. There were no deaths and cerebral hemorrhagic complications. The stroke rate in the endovascular and surgical groups was 1.7% and 1.04% respectively (p = 0.5). The total rate of strokes and transitory ischemic attack (TIA) using two methods was 1.4%. The TIA rate was higher in the endovascular group without statistically difference (1.3% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.1). The regression analysis showed that predictor of the adverse cerebral events was the degree of carotid artery stenosis in endovascular group (OR 1.318, 95% CI: 1.131-1.535, p <0.001). There were no any predictive factors of TIA or stroke in the surgical group.

Conclusions: the independent predictor of early TIA and stroke in endovascular group, unlike endarterectomy, was the degree of carotid stenosis.

 

References

1.      Brott TG, Halperin JL, Abbara S, Bacharach JM, Barr JD, Bush RL, et al. 2011 ASA/ACCF/AHA/AANN/ AANS/ACR/ ASNR/CNS/SAIP/SCAI/SIR/SNIS/SVM/SVS guideline on the management of patients with extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease:executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force of Practice Guidelines, and the American Stroke Association, American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American College of Radiology, American Society of Neuroradiology, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Society of Atherosclerosis Imaging and Prevention, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of NeuroInterventionalSurgery, Society for Vascular Medicine, and Society for VascularSurgery. Developed in collaboration with the American Academyof Neurology and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2013; 81:76-123.

2.      Sakai N, Yamagami H, Matsubara Y et al. Prospective registry of carotid artery stenting in Japan: investigation on device and antiplatelet for carotid artery stenting. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis.2014; 23: 1374-1384.

3.      Jhang K, Huang J, NforIs O et al. Is Extended Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Carotid Stenting Beneficial? Medicine 2015; 94:40.

4.      Mo D, Wang B, Ma N, et al. Comparative outcomes of carotid artery stenting for asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid artery stenosis: a single-center prospective study. J Neurointerv Surg. 2016; 8(2): 126-129.

5.      Bonati LH, Dobson J, Featherstone RL, et al. Longterm outcomes after stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of symptomatic carotid stenosis: the Internation al Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) randomised trial. Lancet. 2015; 385: 529-538.

6.      Stingele R, Berger J, Alfke K, et al. Clinical and angiographic risk factors for stroke and death within 30 days after carotid endarterectomy and stent-protected angioplasty: a subanalysis of the SPACE study. Lancet Neurol 2008; 7: 216-222.

7.      Howard VJ, Lutsep HL, Mackey A, et al. Influence of sex on outcomes of stenting versus endarterectomy: a subgroup analysis of the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial (CREST). Lancet Neurol 2011; 10: 530-537.

8.      Setacci C, Chisci E, Setacci F, et al. Siena carotid artery stenting score: a risk modeling study for individual patients. Stroke 2010; 41: 1259-1265.

9.      AbuRahma AF, Alhalbouni S, Abu-Halimah S, et al. Impact of chronic renal insufficiency on the early and late clinical outcomes of carotid artery stenting using serum creatinine vs glomerular filtration rate. J Am Coll Surg 2014; 218: 797- 805.

10.    Kofoed SC, Wittrup HH, Sillesen H, Nordestgaard BG. Fibrinogen predicts ischaemic stroke and advanced atherosclerosis but not echolucent, rupture-prone carotid plaques: the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Eur Heart J 2003;24:567-576.

11.    Dosa E, Rugonfalvi-Kiss S, Prohaszka Z, Szabo A, Karadi I, Selmeci L, et al. Marked decrease in the levels of two inflammatory markers, hs-C-reactive protein and fibrinogen in patients with severe carotid atherosclerosis after eversion carotid endarterectomy. Inflamm Res 2004; 53:631-635.

12.    Maresca G, Di Blasio A, Marchioli R, Di Minno G. Measuring plasma fibrinogen to predict stroke and myocardial infarction: an update. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19:1368-1377.

13.    Gray WA,Yadav JS, Verta P, et al. The CAPTURE registry: predictors of outcomes in carotid artery stenting with embolic protection for high surgical risk patients in the early post-approval setting. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2007; 70: 1025-1033.

14.    Theiss W, Hermanek P, Mathias K, et al. Predictors of death and stroke after carotid angioplasty and stenting: a subgroup analysis of the Pro-CAS data. Stroke 2008; 39: 2325-2330.

15.    Chaturvedi S, Matsumura JS, Gray W, et al. Carotid artery stenting in octogenarians: periprocedural stroke risk predictor analysis from the multicenter Carotid ACCULINK/ACCUNET Post Approval Trial to Uncover Rare Events (CAPTURE 2) clinical trial. Stroke 2010; 41: 757-64.

16.    Mathur A, Roubin GS, Iyer SS, et al. Predictors of stroke complicating carotid artery stenting. Circulation 1998; 97: 1239-1245.

17.    Nicolaides AN, Kakkos SK, Kyriacou E, Griffi n M, Sabetai M, Thomas DJ, et al. Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) Study Group. Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification. J Vasc Surg 2010;52:1486-1496.

18.    Obeid T, Arnaoutakis DJ, Arhuidese I, et al. Poststent ballooning is associated with increased periprocedural stroke and death rate in carotid artery stenting. J Vasc Surg 2015; 62: 616-623.

19.    Aronow HD, Gray WA, Ramee SR, et al. Predictors of neurological events associated with carotid artery stenting in high-surgical-risk patients. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2010; 3: 577-584.

 

Abstract:

Aim: was to analyze long-term results of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients with unilateral lesion of the internal carotid artery (ICA), the lack of/or insignificant lesion on the contralateral side on statin therapy.

Materials and methods: for the period January 2009-December 2010, 262 CEA performed in 262 patients. Evaluated results of survival rate, stroke and myocardial infarction, condition of carotid arteries, effect of various factors on features of atherosclerotic lesions and effect of statin therapy on these processes.

Results: in late follow-up period - 245(93,5%) survivors. Patients were divided into groups: simvastatin - 60(24,5%) patients, atorvastatin - 134(54,7%) observations, rosuvastatin - 51(20,8%) cases. 14 patients died, data were obtained on the 13, average loss of 6.06%. The frequency of cardiovascular events leading to death is seven cases. Non-fatal stroke of any location - 5(1,9%) observations. The influence of hypertension (p=0,019), smoking (p=0,004), type 2 diabetes (p=0,03), dyslipidemia: hypercholesterolemia (p=0,05), hypertriglyceridemia (p=0,02), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level is higher than normal (p=0,015), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is below normal (p = 0,03) and other factors. Lowering cholesterol by 5,9% is marked in the atorvastatin group, maintaining at recommended values throughout the period from the initial selection in the rosuvastatin group (p = 0,0001). LDL cholesterol decreased by 19,1% in the mean value in the atorvastatin group (p = 0,0001), the increase of HDL level of 3,4% in the rosuvastatin group (p=0,02). Achievement of recommended levels of cholesterol was more often observed in the rosuvastatin group at 64,7% compared with simvastatin (p = 0,03). Risk factors influenced the incidence of restenosis ipsilateral side in 3 patients (1,2%). The greatest influence of risk factors was determined in the atorvastatin group (4,1%, p=0,001). Atorvastatin therapy stabilized the wall of the ICA 17,6% more often (p=0,05) and contralateral common carotid artery, leaving it intact at 84,6% (p=0,002) compared with other groups of statins.

Conclusion: the purpose of statin therapy depends on the severity of the atherosclerotic process the characteristics of the lipid profile and the need correction of risk factors. The most effect is provided by the group of synthetic statin above semisynthetic. Atorvastatin therapy is effective with moderate hypercholesterolemia; rosuvastatin prescribed with severe dyslipidemia.

 

References

1.      Rothwell P.M., Eliasziw M., Gutnikov S.A., Fox A.J., Taylor D.W., Mayberg M.R. et al. Analysis of pooled data from the randomized controlled trials of endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis. Lancet. 2003; 361: 107-116.

2.      AbuRahma A.F., Srivastava M., Stone P.A. Effects of Statins on Early and Late Clinical Outcomes of Carotid Endarterectomy and the Rate of Post-Carotid Endarterectomy Restenosis. J Am Coll Surg. 2015;220:481-488.

3.      Sillesen H., Amarenco P., Hennerici M.G., Callahan A., Goldstein L.B., Zivin J. et al. Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels Investigators. Atorvastatin reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with carotid atherosclerosis: a secondary analysis of the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) trial. Stroke. 2008; 39: 3297-3302.

4.      O'Regan C., Wu P., Arora P., Perri D., and Mills E.J. Statin therapy in stroke prevention: a meta-analysis involving 121,000 patients. Am J Med. 2008; 21: 24-33.

5.      Perler B.A. The effect of statin medications on perioperative and long-term outcomes following carotid endarterectomy or stenting. Semin Vasc Surg. 2007; 20: 252-258.

6.      McGirt M.J., Perler B.A., Brooke B.S., Woodworth G.F., Coon A., Jain S. et al. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors reduce the risk of perioperative stroke and mortality after carotid endarterectomy. J. Vasc Surg. 2005; 42: 829-836.

7.      Paraskevas K.I., Athyros V.G., Briana D.D., Kakafika A.I., Karagiannis A., and Mikhailidis, D.P. Statins exert multiple beneficial effects on patients undergoing percutaneous revascularization procedures. Curr Drug Targets. 2007; 8: 942-951.

8.      Koh K.K. Effects of statins on vascular wall (vasomotor function, inflammation, and plaque stability). Cardiovasc Res. 2000; 47: 648-657.

9.      Amarenco P., Labreuche J., Lavallee P., and Touboul, P.J. Statins in stroke prevention and carotid atherosclerosis (systematic review and up-to-date meta-analysis). Stroke. 2004; 35: 2902-2909.

10.    Amarenco P. and Labreuche J. Lipid management in the prevention of stroke: review and updated metaanalysis of statins for stroke prevention. Lancet Neurol. 2009; 8: 453-463.

11.    Pokrovsky A.V., Beloyartsev D. F., Talibli O. L. Analysis of long-term results of eversion carotid endarterectomy. Angiology and vascular surgery. 2014; 20 (4): 100-108 [In Russ].

12.    Efthymios D. Avgerinos Rabih A., Abdallah Naddaf, Omar M. El-Shazly, Luke Marone, Michel S. Makaroun. Primary closure after carotid endarterectomy is not inferior to other closure techniques. Presented at the Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Society 2015 Summer Meeting, Chicago, Ill, June 17-20, 2015.

13.    Taylor A.J., Kent S.M., Flaherty P.J., Coyle L.C., Markwood T.T., and Vernalis, M.N. ARBITER: Arterial Biology for the Investigation of the Treatment Effects of Reducing Cholesterol: a randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid intima medial thickness. Circulation. 2002; 106: 2055-2060.

14.    Taylor A.J., Sullenberger L.E., and Lee H.Y ARBITER 3: Atherosclerosis regression during open-label continuation of extended-release niacin following ARBITER 2. Circulation. 2005; 112: II-179.

15.    Jones P., Davidson M., Stein E. et al. STELLAR Study Group. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin across doses (STELLAR  Trial). Am. J. Cardiol. 2003; 92(2): 152-160.

16.    Crouse J.R. III, Raichlen J.S., Riley W.A. et al. Effect of rosuvastatin on progression of carotid intima-media thickness in low-risk individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis: the METEOR Trial. JAMA. 2007;297:1344-1353.

17.    Radak D., Tanaskovic S., Matic P., et al. Eversion Carotid Endarterectomy - Our Experience After 20 Years of Carotid Surgery and 9897 Carotid Endarterectomy Procedures. Ann. Vasc. Surg. 2012; 26(7): 924-928.

18.    Executive Committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study. Endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. JAMA. 1995; 273: 1421-1428.

19.    Sever P.S., Poulter N.R., Dahlof B. et al. Different Time Course for Prevention of Coronary and Stroke Events by Atorvastatin in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid-Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA). Am J Cardiol. 2005; 96: 39-44.

20.    Paraskevas K.I., Hamilton G., Mikhailidis D.P. Statins: an essential component in the management of carotid artery disease. J Vasc Surg. 2007; 46: 373-386.

 

 

Abstract:

Acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is one of leading causes of death and disability in the population, both in Russia and around the world.

Aim: was to improve the effectiveness of the prevention of ischemic stroke (IS) in patients with asymptomatic stenosis of internal carotid arteries (ICA).

Materials and methods: this article is an analysis of the world literature on the subject of stroke in patients without focal or ocular symptoms (asymptomatic stenosis), medical and surgical (carotid stenting / carotid endarterectomy) correction of such stenotic lesions, postoperative complications, and the risk of stroke in the immediate and late postoperative period. We presented data on development of stroke, depending on the type of plaques, brain CT data, comorbidities in these patients, the method of surgical correction of stenosis. On the basis of international multicenter studies and experience of individual domestic and foreign clinics we performed evaluation of IS conservative anc surgical prophylaxis in this group of patients.

Results: performed analysis allowed to formulate recommendations on the tactics of treatment and examination of patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis.

 

References

1.     Bokerija L.A., Gudkova R. G. Serdechno-sosudistaja hirurgija. 2010; Bolezni i vrozhdennye anomalii sistemy krovoobrashhenija. [Cardio-vascular surgery. 2010. Diseases and congenital abnormalities of blood circulation]. M.: NCSSH im. A.N. Bakuleva RAMN. 2011; 192 [In Russ].

2.     Pokrovskij A.V. Klinicheskaja angiologija. A.V. Pokrovskij. [Clinical Angiology]. Moscow; 2004;1; 808. [In Russ]. 

3.     Chernjavskij A.M. Programma bor'by s insul'tom, prehodjashhimi narushenijami mozgovogo krovoobrashhenija i discirkuljatornymi jencefalopatijami: metod. rekomendacii A.M.Chernjavskij, T.E.Vinogradova. [The program for prevention of stroke, TIA and encephalopathy: recommendations]. Novosibirsk; 2002;17. [In Russ].

4.     Go A.S., Mozaffarian D., Roger V.L. et al; on behalf of the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2014;129:e28-e292.

5.     Kleindorfer D., Panagos P, Pancioli A., et al. Incidence and short-term prognosis of transient ischemic attack in a population-based study. Stroke. 2005; 36:720-723.

6.     Suslina Z.A. Ocherki angionevrologii. [Angionevrology contexts] . Moscow: 2005; 126. [In Russ].

7.     Leljuk V.G., Leljuk S.Je. Cerebral'nyj rezerv pri ateroskleroticheskom porazhenii brahiocefal'nyh arterij. Jetjudy sovremennoj ul'trazvukovoj diagnostiki. [Mechanisms of development of cerebral vascular compensation due to atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral arteries]. Kiev; 2001; 4p. [In Russ].

8.     Nacional'nye rekomendacii po vedeniju pacientov s zabolevanijami brahiocefal'nyh arterij. Rossijskij soglasitel'nyj dokument. [National recommendations for treatment of patients with cerebrovascular disorders]. Angiologija i sosudistaja hirurgija. 2013; 19 (2): 70. [In Russ].

9.     Committee for the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Special report from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Classification of cerebrovascular diseases III. Stroke. 1990;21:637-76.

10.   Endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Executive Committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study. JAMA. 1995;273(18): 1421-8.

11.   Halliday A., Harrison M.. Hayter E. et al. 10-year stroke prevention after successful carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic stenosis (ACST-1): a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet. 2010;376(9746): 1074-84.

12.   Chambers B.R. Donnan G.A. Carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005(4):CD001923.

13.   Barnett H.J., Meldrum H.E., Eliasziw M. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial collaborators. The appropriate use of carotid endarterectomy. CMAJ. 2002; 166(9):1169-79.

14.   Inzitari D., Eliasziw M., Gates P et al. The causes and risk of stroke in patients with asymptomatic internal-carotid-artery stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. N Engl. J. Med. 2000;342(23): 1693-700.

15.   Chaturvedi S., Bruno A., Feasby T. et al. Carotid endarterectomy an evidence-based review: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the  AmericanAcademy of Neurology. Neurology. 2005;65(6):794-801.

16.   Pahigiannis К., Kaufmann P Koroshetz W. Carotid intervention: is it warranted in asymptomatic individuals if risk factors are aggressively managed? Stroke. 2014;45(3):e40-l.

17.   Abbott A.L. Medical (nonsurgical) intervention alone is now best for prevention of stroke associated with asymptomatic severe carotid stenosis: results of a systematic review and analysis. Stroke. 2009;40(10):e573-83.

18.   Spence J.D. Tamayo A. Lownie SP et al. Absence of microemboli on transcranial Doppler identifies low-risk patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Stroke. 2005;36(ll):2373-8.

19.   Spence J.D. Coates V., Li H. et al. Effects of intensive medical therapy on microemboli and cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Arch Neurol. 2010;67(2): 180-6.

20.   Markus H., King A., Shipley S.et al. Asymptomatic embolisation for prediction of stroke in the Asymptomatic Carotid Emboli Study (ACES): a prospective observational study. LancetNevrol. 2010; 9:663-71.

21.   Kakkos S.K., Sabetai M., Tegos T. et al. Silent embolic infarcts on computed tomography brain scans and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric events in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis. J. Vasc. Surg. 2009;49;903-909.

22.   Hougaku H., Matsumoto M., Handa N. et al. Asymptomatic carotid lesions and silent cerebral infarction. Stroke. 1994;25:566-70.

23.   Tegos T.J., Sabetai M.M., Nicolaides A.N. et al. Patterns of brain computed tomography infarction and carotid plaque echogenicity. J. Vasc. Surg. 2001;33:334-9.

24.   Hashimoto H., Tagaya M., Niki H. Htani H. Computer-assisted analysis of heterogeneity on В-mode imaging predicts instability of asymptomatic carotid plaque. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 2009;28:357-64.

25.   Liapis С., Kakisis J., Kostakis A. Carotid Stenosis. Factors Affecting Symptomatology. Stroke. 2001; 32:2782-2786.

26.   Nicolaides А., Kakkos S., Kyriacou E. et al. Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification. J.Vasc. Surg. 2010;52:1486-96.

27.   Yi-Ning Qian, Yong-Ting Luo, Hong-Xia Duan et al. Adhesion Molecule CD146 and its Soluble Form Correlate Well with Carotid Atherosclerosis and Plaque Instability. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 2014; 20:438-445.

28.   Jones C.B., SaneD.C., Herrington D.M. Matrix metalloproteinases: a review of their structure and role acute coronary syndrome. Cardiovasc. Res. 2003,59: 812-823. 

29.   Carlos T.M., Harlan J.M. Leukocyte-endothelial adhesion molecules. Blood. 1994;84:2068-2101.

30.   Inoue M., Ishida T., Yasuda T., et al. Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule modulates atherosclerosis through plaque angiogenesis and monocyte-endothelial interaction. Microvasc. Res. 2010;80:179-187.

31.   McEver R.P Selectins: lectins that initiate cell adhesion under flow. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2002;14:581-586.

32.   Hwang S.J., Ballantyne C.M., Sharrett A.R., et al. Circulating adhesion molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin in carotid atherosclerosis and incident coronary heart disease cases: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. Circulation. 1997,96:4219-4225.

33.   Pelisek J., Rudelius M., Zepper P., et al. Multiple biological predictors for vulnerable carotid lesions. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 2009;28:601-610.

34.   Abbott A.L., Paraskevas K.I., Kakkos S.K. et al. Systematic Review of Guidelines for the Management of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis. Stroke. 2015 Nov;46(11):3288-301.

35.   Goldstein L.B. Bushnell C.D. Adams RJ. et al. Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2011 ;42(2): 517-84.

36.   Brott T.G., Hobson 2nd R.W. Howard G. et al. Stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of carotid-artery stenosis. N. Engl. J.Med. 2010;363(1): 11-23.

37.   Voeks J.H., Howard G., Ronbin G.S, Malas M.B et al. Age and outcomes after carotid stenting and endarterectomy: the carotid revascularization endarterectomy versus stenting trial. Stroke. 2011;42( 12):3484-90.

38.   Nallamothu B.K., Lu M., Rogers M.A. et al. Physician specialty and carotid stenting among elderly medicare beneficiaries in the United States. Arch. Intern. Med. 2011; 171 (20): 1804-10. 

39.   Gowri R., Denish M., Nira H. et al. Management Strategies for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis. Ann. Intern. Med. 2013;158:676-685.

40.   Pahigiannis К., Kaufmann P., Koroshetz W. Carotid intervention: is it warranted in asymptomatic individuals if risk factors are aggressively managed? Stroke. 2014;45(3):e40-l. 

 

Abstract:

Revascularization strategy definition in acute coronary syndrome in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease is a significant problem of modern interventional cardiology.

Aim: was to evaluate effectiveness of special PC programs «Sapphire 2015 - Right dominance» and «Sapphire 2015 - Left dominance» designed to the revascularization strategy definition ir acute coronary syndrome patients.

Materials and methods: revascularization strategy of 50 acute coronary syndrome patients was analyzed. In all cases the revascularization strategy was defined by the group of intervention cardiologists with the help of independent experts and special PC programs «Sapphire 2015 - Right dominance» and «Sapphire 2015 - Left dominance». Experts-, physicians-, and soft- based revascularization strategies were compared among themselves

Results: complete coincidence between expert-based and soft-based revascularization strategies was registered in 66% patients and the incomplete coincidence - in 32% patients. Complete mismatch between expert-based and soft-based revascularization strategies was registered in 2% patients. The complete coincidence between physicians-based and soft-based revascularization strategies was registered in 42% patients and the incomplete coincidence - ir 52% patients. Complete mismatch between physicians-based and soft-based revascularization strategies was registered in 6% patients.

Conclusion: as well as experts, special PC programs «Sapphire 2015 - Right dominance» and «Sapphire 2015 - Left dominance» provide success in the revascularization strategy definition 1г acute coronary syndrome patients with multivessel coronary artery disease.

 

References

1.     ASA/ACCF/AHA/AANN/AANS/ACR/ASNR/CNS/ SAIP/ SCAI/SIR/SNIS/SVM/SVS guideline on the management of patients with extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease. Circulation. 2011; 124:54-130.

2.     Cohen D, Stolker J, Wang К, et al. Health-Related Quality of Life After Carotid Stenting Versus Carotid Endarterectomy. Results From CREST (Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial). JACC Vol. 2011;15:58.

3.     Amirdjanova V.N., Goryachev D.V., Korshunov N.I., Rebrov A.P., Sorotskaya V.N. Populyatsionnie pokazateli kachestva zhizni po oprosniku SF-36 (rezultati mnogotsentrovogo issledovaniya kachestva zhizni) Mirazh. [Population' indicators of quality of life questionnaire SF-36 (results of a multicenter study of quality of life «MIRAGE»).]. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2008;46(1):36-48. [In Russ].

4.     Stolker JM, Mahoney EM, Safley DM, et al. Health-related quality of life following carotid stenting versus endarterectomy: results from the SAPPHIRE (Stenting and Angioplasty with Protection in Patients at High Risk for Endarterectomy) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv. 2010;3: 515-23.

5.     PQcTte E, Slisers M, Miglane E et al. Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients with Severe Carotid Artery Stenosis. The Journal of Latvian Academy of Sciences. 2015; 5:237-242.

6.     Kazmierski P, Kasielska A, Bogusiak K, Lysakowski M, Stela О gowski M. Influence of internal carotid endarterectomy on patients’ life quality. Pol Przegl Chir. 2012;84:17-22.

7.     Shan L. Saxena A .Quality of Life and Functional Status After Carotid Revascularisation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2015;49: 634-645.

8.     Stolker JM, Mahoney EM, Safley DM, et al. Health-related quality of life following carotid stenting versus endarterectomy: results from the SAPPHIRE (Stenting and Angioplasty with Protection in Patients at High Risk for Endarterectomy) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv. 2010;3: 515-523.

9.     CaRESS Steering Committee. Carotid Revascularization Using Endarterectomy or Stenting Systems (CaRESS) phase I clinical trial: 1-year results. J Vasc Surg. 2005;42:213-219.

 

 

Abstract:

Aim: was to estimate efficacy and safety of carotid stenting and carotid endarterectomy Г patients, admitted to center of cardiovascular surgery.

Material and methods: we investigated possibilities of treatment with randomization one-by-one, according to admittance to hospital and use of carotid endarterectomy or stenting. Final decision in each case was made by consilium. For the period 2011-2013, 269 patients were treated including 132 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy and 137 patients who underwent carotid stenting. The majority of patients had an anamnesis of coronary heart disease or needed coronary revascularization. Symptomatic stenosis was an indication for 19,0 % revascularization in both groups (p = 0.994).

Results: there were no in-hospital deaths registered. Incidence of stroke after carotid endarterectomy was 6(4,5%) and 2(1,5%) after stenting. Transient ischemic attack occurred in 3(2,2 %) patients in the stenting and 1 patient (0,76 %) in endarterectomy groups. Major bleeding was observed in both groups with equal frequency (p = 0,584). Defeat of cranial nerves (7,6 %; p = 0,001) was only observed in the endarterectomy group. Finally both methods of carotid revascularization showed the same level of complications (p = 0,569) besides cranial nerve defeat.

Conclusion: carotid stenting and endarterectomy show similar results in the treatment of patients with atherosclerotic lesions of carotid arteries. Both methods can equally be used in clinics with adequate experience in surgical interventions on the heart and peripheral vessels. The complex assessment of the patient and the lesion by the vascular team is necessary.

 

References

1.     Casserly I.P, Sachar R., Yadav J.S. Practical peripheral vascular interventions. Second edition. Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia. 2011; 466 p.

2.     Cutlip D. E., Pinto D. S. Extracranial carotid disease revascularization. Circulation. 2012; 126(22): 2636-2644.

3.     Eller J. L., Dumont T. M., Sorkin G. C., Mokin M., Levy E. I., Kenneth V., L. Hopkins N., Siddiqui A. H. Endovascular advances for extracranial carotid stenosis. Neurosurgery. 2014; 74: 92-101.

4.     Al - Damluji M. S., Nagpal S., Stilp E., Remetz M., Mena C. Carotid revascularization: A systematic review of the evidence. J. Interv. Card. 2013; 26 (4): 399- 410.

5.     Tendera M., Aboyans V., Bartelink M-L., Baumgartner I., Clement D., Collet J-P, Cremonesi A., De Carlo M., Erbel R., Gerry F., Fowkes R., Heras M., Kownator S., Minar E., Ostergren J., Poldermans D., Riambau D., Roffi M., Rother J., Sievert H., van Sambeek M., Zeller T. ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases. European Heart Journal. 2011; 32: 2851 - 2906.

6.     White C. J., Ramee S. R., Collins T. J., Jenkins J. S., Reilly J. P, Patel R. A. G. Carotid artery stenting: patient, lesion, and procedural characteristics that increase procedural complications. Catheterization and Cardiovasc. Interv. 2013; 82: 715-726.

7.     Tas M. H., Simsek Z., Colak A., Koza Y, Demir P, Demir R., Kaya U., Tanboga I. H., Gundogdu F., Sevimli S. Comparison of carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis: A single center study. Adv. Ther. 2013; 30: 845 853.

8.     Doig D., Brown M. M. Carotid stenting versus endarterectomy. Annu. Rev. Med. 2012; 63: 259-276.

9.     Ballotta E., Angelini A., Mazzalai F., Piatto G., Toniato A., Baracchini C. Carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic low-grade carotid stenosis. J. Vasc. Surg. 2014; 59(1): 25-31.

10.   Jashari F., Ibrahimi P., Nicoll R., Bajractari G., Wester P., Henein M. I. Coronary and carotid atherosclerosis: similarities and differences. Atherosclerosis. 2013; 227: 193-200.

11.   Schermerhorn M.L., Fokkema, M., Goodney P., Dillavou, E. D., Jim J., Kenwood C. T., Siami F. S., White R. A. The impact of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services high-risk criteria on outcome after carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting in the SVS Vascular Registry. J. Vasc. Surg. 2013; 57: 1318 - 1324.

12.   Roffi M., Sievert H., Gray W. A., White C. J., Torsello G., Cao P., Reimers B., Mathias K., Setacci C., Schonholz C., Clair D. G., Schillinger M., Grunwald I., Bosiers M., Abou-Chebl A., Moussa I. D., Mudra H., Iyer S. S., Scheinert D., Yadav J. S., van Sambeek M. R., Holmes D. R., Cremonesi A. Carotid artery stenting versus surgery: adequate comparisons? Lancet. Neurol. 2010; 9: 339 - 341.

13.   Timaran C.H., Mantese V. A., Malas M., Brown O. W., Lal B. K., Moore W. S., Vocks J. H., Brott T. G. Differential outcomes of carotid stenting and endarterectomy performed exclusively by vascular surgeons in the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial (CREST). J. Vasc. Surg. 2013; 57: 303-308.

14.   Fokkema M., de Borst G. J., Nolan B. W., Indes J., Buck D. B., Lo R. C., Moll F. L., Schermerhorn M. L. Clinical relevance of cranial nerve injury following carotid endarterectomy. Eur. J. Vasc. and Endovasc. Surg. 2014; 47(1): 2-7.

15.   Thirumala P., Kumar H., Bertolet M., Habeych M., Crammond D., Balzer J. Risk factors for cranial nerve deficits during carotid endarterectomy: A retrospective study. Clinical Neurol. and Neurosurg. 2015; 130:150-154.

 

 

 

ANGIOLOGIA.ru (АНГИОЛОГИЯ.ру) - портал о диагностике и лечении заболеваний сосудистой системы