Abstract:

The work was aimed at determining the possibilities of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) in diagnosis and staging of acute pyelonephritis (AP) for studying the role of concomitant congenital renal anomalies in development of AP and therapeutic decision-making. A total of 59 patients presenting with AP and suspected pyodestructive complications were subjected to MSCT, with 7 seven of these having undergone it twice in order to control therapeutic efficacy. The study showed that ultrasonography as well as excretory urography are not always informative enough as to the possibility of revealing purulent forms of an inflammatory process having developed on the background of renal developmental defects, especially anomalies of the shape, localization, and structure. The obtained findings made it possible to define proper indications for performing MSCT in patients with AP. Improved diagnosis achieved by means of MSCT made it possible to decrease the number of operations and avoid unnecessary nephrectomies.  

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Abstract:

Aim: the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic possibilities of the dynamic MDCT in the differential diagnosis of gastric diseases compared with conventional upper gastrointestinal barium study and endoscopy

Materials and methods: 130 patients with different gastric lesions underwent dynamic MDCT The detection rate of the gastric lesion and the diagnostic accuracy of each method were calculated by the use of surgical and histopathologic results as reference standards.

Results: diagnostic accuracies of methods in the differential diagnosis of gastric tumors with exophytic growth were: endoscopy - 91%, barium study - 50%, MDCT - 87%; in the differential diagnosis of ulceration: endoscopy - 78%, barium study - 84%, MDCT - 93%; and in the diagnosis of diffuse type of gastric cancer: endoscopy - 82%, barium study - 75%, MDCT - 100%.

Conclusion: integration of the dynamic MDCT in algorithms of diagnostics of gastric lesions can improve detection rates of stomach diseases and the accuracy of their differential diagnosis.

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