Abstract:

Background: expansion of tourism business in countries of South and Southeast Asia, Africa, and South America led to the appearance of rare parasitic diseases in Russia, Europe, and the United Kingdom. In our country, more than 1.3 million patients with various parasitosis are officially registered annually, among which there is an increase in the incidence of intestinal protozoa.

Aim: was to show features of the diagnosis of acute manifestations of necrotic amebic colitis, which simulated severe intoxication with manifestation of clinics of acute surgical disease and intestinal bleeding

Material and methods: using the example of case report of a 70-year-old woman, the possibility of complex diagnostics using abdominal ultrasound, abdominal computed tomography, colonoscopy with biopsy of intestinal ulcers and parasitological research methods is shown. Results: detoxification, anti-inflammatory therapy in a surgical hospital and instrumental examination allowed us to objectively evaluate and conduct targeted therapy avoiding serious complications.

Discussion: primary lesions with acutely occurring both local and general body reactions lead to severe intoxication, which does not allow to exclude acute surgical pathology, and in some cases dictate the need for urgent surgical intervention.

Differential diagnosis of an amoeba with a colon cancer only on the basis of x-ray symptoms is almost impossible. Specific anti-ameba therapy leads to the disappearance of amoeba.

Conclusion: only on the basis of a complex of clinical and epidemiological data, ultrasound, CT, colonoscopy, histological analysis and parasitological methods of research, pathology can be correctly identified. 

References

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Abstract:

For today it is possible to allocate two basic strategies of images primary analysis during virtual colonoscopy (VC): it means interpretation on the basis of 2D and 3D reconstruction data

Purpose. Was to compare 2D and 3D analysis programs during VC: they were compared on interpretation time,on sensitivity of polyp's detection

Materials and methods. The research consisted of 80 patients. All detected new growth during VC were put into protocols of interpretation, with instructions of quantity, form and size

All the patients were underwent VC, including biopsy and further histological research Also, time spent for analysis of each research was fixed

Conclusions. Sensitivity of 3D virtual dissection during primary imaging analysis in almost the same in comparison with 2D, but interpretation time is higher in 2D.  

References 

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3.    Taylor S.A. et al. Polyp detection with CT colonography. Primary 3D endoluminal analysis versus primary 2D transverse analysis with computer-assisted reader software. Radiology.2006; 239: 759-767.

4.    Yasumoto T. et al. Assessment of two 3D MDCT colonography protocols for observation of colorectal polyps. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2006; 186: 85- 89.

5.    Sorstedt E. et al. Computed tomographic colonography. Сomparison of two workstations. Acta. Radiol. 2005; 46: 671-678.

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7.    Hoppe H. et al. Virtual colon dissection with CT colonography compared with axial interpretation and conventional colonoscopy. Preliminary results. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2004;182: 1151-1158.

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10.  Dekel D., Durgan J., Fleiter T. Virtual endo-scopy (patent pending). Publication no 2006/000925. Geneva, Switzerland: World Intellectual Property Organization. 2006.

11.  Хомутова Е.Ю. и др. Устройство для раздувания толстой кишки. Патент на полезную модель № 71072 от 14.05.2007 г. 2008.

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Abstract:

Background: this report describes our experience in CT-perfision (CTP) use for evaluation of rectal tumors neoadjuvant treatment effectiveness. Tumor response for combination of radiation and chemotherapy was related to CTP pattern.

Material and Methods: five patients aged 48 - 62 years with rectal adenocarcinomas histologically verified (4 patients of T3N0M0 stage and 1 patient T3N1 M0) were included. All of them had combined neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy followed by surgery. Before and after neoadjuvant treatment virtual colonoscopy (VCS) with CTP was done in all the cases prior to surgical intervention.

Results and Conclusions: comparing perfusion pattern in rectal tumor and in normal tissue, we saw blood volume (BV) to be significantly increased, and mean transit time (MTT) moderately shortened in tumor tissues. Tumor tissue BV in neoadjuvant therapy responders was much higher than in those for whom the therapy appeared to be ineffective. On combination of radio- and chemotherapy, BVin tumor tissue significantly decreased, and MTT elongated.

References

1.      Bosset J."F. et al. Chemotherapy with Preoperative Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007; 357 (7): 728.

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3.      Bellomi M. et al. CT Perfusion for the Monitoring of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy in Rectal Carcinoma. Initial Experience. Radiology. 2007; 244: 486-493.

4.      Sahani V. et al. Assessing Tumor Perfusion and Treatment Response in Rectal Cancer with Multisection CT. Initial Observations. Radiology. 2005; 234: 785-792.

5.      Yee J. Virtual colonoscopy. Ed. by Galdino G.2008; 219.

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7.      Силантьева Н.И., Цыб А.Ф. и др. Компьютерная томография в онкопроктологии.М.: 2007; 144.